They can also bounce off the surface-this is called a ricochet. Keep in mind though, shells do not always penetrate vehicle armor. The greater the impact angle, the greater the effective thickness of the armor. It is the actual armor thickness the shell must plow through in order to penetrate and deal damage. The deviation from the normal is the so-called impact angle which determines the effective armor thickness. The perpendicular shell trajectory-the shell striking the armor plate exactly "square on"-is referred to as the normal. The ideal angle is perpendicular to the armor plate-in this case the shell has to pass through the least possible amount of armor plate in order to penetrate it. Armor PenetrationĪ crucial factor in determining penetration is the angle at which the shell hits the target’s armor. The variations of color represent different values of armor thickness in millimeters.Īpart from side and rear armor, most vehicles have common weak spots: the lower glacis plate, the commander’s cupola, and the top surface of the turret.
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